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Gender and Power Metrics

Gender and Power MetricsGender and Power Metrics

A living database of scales and indicators that have been used to measure constructs of gender, agency, power, and control.

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Index of Scales

Acceptance of Violence Against Women Scale

Citation: Decker MR, Miller E, Raj A, Saggurti N, Donta B, and Silverman JG. Indian men's use of commercial sex workers: prevalence, condom use, and related gender attitudes. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010; 53(2): 240-246.

Scale Type: Acceptance of IPV

Acceptance of Violence Against Women Scale

Citation: Kalichman SC, Simbayi LC, Cain D, Cherry C, Henda N. Sexual assault, sexual risks and gender attitudes in a community sample of South African men. AIDS CARE. 2007; 19(1): 20-27.

Scale Type: Acceptance of IPV

Acceptance of Violence Against Women Scale

Citation: Kalichman SC, Simbayi LC, Cloete A, Clayford M, et al. Integrated gender-based violence and HIV Risk reduction intervention for South African men: results of a quasi-experimental field trial. Prev Sci. 2009; 10(3): 260-9.

Scale Type: Acceptance of IPV

Adaptive and Maladaptive Gender Roles Scale

Citation: Kulis S, Marsiglia FF, Nagoshi JL. Gender roles and substance use among Mexican American adolescents: a relationship moderated by acculturation? Subst Use Misuse. 2012; 47(3): 214-29.

Scale Type: Personal adherence to gender roles

Adaptive and Maladaptive Gender Roles Scale

Citation: Kulis S, Marsiglia FF, Nagoshi JL. Gender Roles, Externalizing Behaviors, and Substance Use Among Mexican-American Adolescents. J Soc Work Pract Addict. 2010; 10(3): 283-307.

Scale Type: Personal adherence to gender roles

Adherence to Traditional Gender Relations Scale

Citation: Bui, T. C.; Diamond, P. M.; Markham, C.; Ross, M. W.; Nguyen-Le, T. A.; Tran, L. H. Gender relations and sexual communication among female students in the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam. Culture, Health & Sexuality. 2010; 12(6): 591-601.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general

Adolescent Femininity Ideology Scale (AFIS)

Citation: Kim JL, Ward LM. Pleasure Reading: Associations Between Young Women's Sexual Attitudes And Their Reading Of Contemporary Women's Magazines. Psychology of Women Quarterly. 2004; 28(1): 48-58.

Scale Type: Personal adherence to gender roles

Adolescent Femininity Ideology Scale (AFIS)

Citation: Impett EA, Schooler D, Tolman DL. To be seen and not heard: femininity ideology and adolescent girls' sexual health. Arch Sex Behav. 2006; 35(2): 131-44.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general

Adolescent Masculinity Ideology in Relationship Scale (AMIRS)

Citation: Blazina, C.; Cordova, M. A.; Pisecco, S.; Settle, A. G. Gender Role Conflict Scale for Adolescents: Correlates with Masculinity Ideology. GenderWatch. 2007; 1(2): 191-204.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general; Personal adherence to gender roles

Adolescent Masculinity Ideology In Relationship Scale (AMIRS)

Citation: Smiler, A. ''I wanted to get to know her better'': Adolescent boys' dating motives, masculinity ideology, and sexual behavior. Journal of Adolescence. 2008; 31: 17-32

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general

Adolescents’ Attitude Towards Gender Roles Index (ATGR)

Citation: Jaffer, Y.; Afifi, M. Adolescents' attitudes toward gender roles and women's empowerment in Oman. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2005; 11(4): 805-818.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general

Adolescents’ Attitude Towards Women’s Empowerment in Household Decisions Index (ATWE)

Citation: Jaffer, Y.; Afifi, M. Adolescents' attitudes toward gender roles and women's empowerment in Oman. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2005; 11(4): 805-818.

Scale Type: Relationship power/ control

Adolescents’ Attitudes Towards Gender Role Scale

Citation: Zuo, X.; Lou, C.; Gao, E.; Cheng, Y.; Niu, H.; Zabin, L. S. Gender differences in adolescent premarital sexual permissiveness in three Asian cities: effects of gender-role attitudes. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2012; 50: S18-S25.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general

Adolescents’ Perception of Egalitarian versus Non-Egalitarian Gender Roles Scale

Citation: Mejia, R.; Kaplan, C. P.; Alderete, E.; Gregorich, S. E.; Perez-Stable, E. J. Influence of gender role attitudes on smoking and drinking among girls from Jujuy, Argentina. Preventive Medicine. 2013;57(3):194-7

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general

Adversarial Heterosexual Beliefs Scale

Citation: Hall GC; DeGarmo DS, Eap S, Teten AL, and Sue S. Initiation, destinance, and persistence of men's sexual coercion. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006; 74(4):732-742.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general

Adversarial Sexual Beliefs Scale (ASB)

Citation: Chapleau, K. M.; Oswald, D. L.; Russell, B. L. Male rape myths: the role of gender, violence, and sexism. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 2008; 23(5): 600-615.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general: gender hostile beliefs

Adversarial Sexual Beliefs Scale (ASB)

Citation: Lee R, Walters M, Hall J, Basile K. Behavioral and Attitudinal Factors Differentiating Male Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators With and Without a History of Childhood Family Violence. Journal of Family Violence. 2013; 28(1): 85-94.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general: gender hostile beliefs

Adversarial Sexual Beliefs Scale (ASB)

Citation: Rogers, D. L.; Cervantes, E.; Espinosa, J. C. Development and validation of the belief in Female Sexual Deceptiveness scale. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 2015;30(5):744-61

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general: gender hostile beliefs

Adversarial Sexual Beliefs Scale (ASB)

Citation: Jacques-Tiura AJ, Abbey A, Parkhill MR, Zawacki T. Why do some men misperceive women's sexual intentions more frequently than others do? An application of the confluence model. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2007; 33(11): 1467-80.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general: gender hostile beliefs

Adversarial Sexual Beliefs Scale (ASB)

Citation: Jewkes, R. Sikweyiya, Y., Morrell, R., Dunkle K. Gender Inequitable Masculinity and Sexual Entitlement in Rape Perpetration South Africa: Findings of a Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One. 2011. 6(12): e29590.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general: gender hostile beliefs

Ambivalence Toward Men Inventory (AMI)

Citation: Chapleau, K. M.; Oswald, D. L.; Russell, B. L. Male rape myths: the role of gender, violence, and sexism. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 2008; 23(5): 600-615.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general: gender hostile beliefs

Ambivalence Toward Men Inventory (AMI)

Citation: Chapleau, K.; Oswald, D.; Russell, B. How Ambivalent Sexism Toward Women and Men Support Rape Myth Acceptance. Sex Roles. 2007; 57: 131-136.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general: gender hostile beliefs

Ambivalence Toward Men Inventory (AMI)

Citation: Sakalli-Ugurlu, N. Ambivalent Sexism, Gender, and Major as Predictors of Turkish College Students' Attitudes Toward Women and Men's Atypical Educational Choices. Sex Roles. 2010; 62: 427-437.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general: gender hostile beliefs

Ambivalence Toward Men Inventory (AMI)

Citation: Feather NT and Boeckmann RJ. Beliefs about gender discrimination in the workplace in the context of affirmative action: Effects of gender and ambivalent attitudes in an Australian sample. Sex Roles. 2007; 57: 31-42.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general: gender hostile beliefs

Ambivalence Toward Men Inventory (AMI)

Citation: Feather NT. Value correlates of ambivalent attitudes toward gender relations. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2004; 30(1): 3-12.

Scale Type: Views on gender roles in general: gender hostile beliefs

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  • Index of Scales
  • Appendix
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This website is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the responsibility of the Population Council and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

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