Gender and Power Metrics

A living database of scales and indicators that have been used to measure constructs of gender, agency, power, and control.

Abuse Attitude Form

Overview

Type: Acceptance of IPV

Citation: Faramarzi M, Esmailzadeh S, and Mosavi S. A comparison of abused and non-abused women's definitions of domestic violence and attitudes to acceptance of male dominance. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2005; 122(2): 225-231.

Use of Scale: Measure

Level of Generality: General

# of Items Reported: 10

Availability: Full

Theme: Gender/social norms, Violence

Demographics

Region: Middle East & North Africa

Country: Iran

Gender: Female

Urban / Rural: nr

Ethnicity: NR

Age Group: Includes adolescents (<18)

Age Range: 93% aged <20

Scale Information

# of Subscales: NR

Subscale Name(s): NR

Direction and Meaning:

Response Range: 5-point scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree); total possible score of 50

Internal Consistency: NA

Internal Consistency by Subgroup: NA

Test-retest Reliability: NA

Sample Items: "I think it is the right of a man to: Criticize his wife in front of others; Never stay at home; Not allow his wife to have money"

Items

  • I think it is the right of a man to:
    • Criticize his wife in front of others
    • Never stay at home
    • Not allow his wife to have money
    • Not allow his wife to earn money
    • Not allow his wife to leave the house
    • Not allow his wife to communicate with family or friends
    • Make decisions for his wife
    • Have intercourse without consent of his wife
    • Hit his wife
    • Think of his wife as property

Measured Outcome(s): IPV perpetration

Outcome(s)

Physical IPV victimization

Detailed Outcome(s) Description

Physical IPV perpetration in the past year (from Abuse Assessment Screen Form)

Statistical Method (Most Adjusted)

Logistic regression

Reference group for gender indicator

Positive attitude toward male dominance (score > 30) vs. negative attitude toward male dominance (score < 30)

Bivariate or Multivariate Analysis?

Multivariate

Detailed Results

Women with positive attitudes toward male dominance were significantly more likely to have experienced physical abuse (aOR: 4.8, 95% CI: 2.9, 8.0, p < 0.001).

Summary

Summary association oriented to reflect the following relationships: Positive association: indicates more inequitable gender views/ divisions of power and greater IPV perpetration; Positive association (reverse coded): reflects more equitable gender views/division of power and lower IPV perpetration; Inverse association: reflects more inequitable gender views/division of power and lower IPV perpetration

Positive association

Covariates

Rural vs urban residence, education, family income, employment, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, age, duration of marriage, parity