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Gender and Power Metrics

Gender and Power MetricsGender and Power Metrics

A living database of scales and indicators that have been used to measure constructs of gender, agency, power, and control.

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Ability to Refuse Sex Scale (DHS)

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Overview

Type: Relationship power/ control

Citation: Upadhyay, U. & Karasek, D. Women's Empowerment and Ideal Family Size: An Examination of DHS Empowerment Measures in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health Jun 2012; 38(2): 78-89.

Use of Scale: Measure

Level of Generality: Individual

# of Items Reported: 4

Availability: Full

Theme: Gender/social norms

Demographics

Region: Sub-Saharan Africa

Country: Guinea, Mali, Namibia, and Zambia

Gender: Female

Urban / Rural: nr

Ethnicity: NR

Age Group: Includes adolescents (<18)

Age Range: Women: 15 to 49; Men: 15 to 59 (except Namibian men: 15 to 49)

Scale Information

# of Subscales: NR

Subscale Name(s): NR

Direction and Meaning:

Response Range: Yes/No (value not indicated)

Internal Consistency: NA

Internal Consistency by Subgroup: NA

Test-retest Reliability: NA

Sample Items: Husbands and wives do not always agree on everything. Please tell me if you think a wife is justified in refusing to have sex with her husband when: She knows her husband has a sexually transmitted disease? She knows her husband has sex with other women? She has recently given birth? She is tired or not in the mood?

Items

Husbands and wives do not always agree on everything. Please tell me if you think a wife is justified in refusing to have sex with her husband when:

  • She knows her husband has a sexually transmitted disease?
  • She knows her husband has sex with other women?
  • She has recently given birth?
  • She is tired or not in the mood?

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